n. 1.艰难，困苦；辛酸，苦难。 2.压制，虐待。 短语和例子 bear hardship without complaint 任劳任怨。 undergo [go through] all kinds of hardships 备尝辛酸。
something hard to endure; "the asperity of northern winters" 同义词：asperity, grimness, rigor, rigour, severity, severeness, rigorousness, rigourousness,
something that causes or entails suffering; "I cannot think it a hardship that more indulgence is allowed to men than to women"- James Boswell; "the many hardships of frontier life"
a state of misfortune or affliction; "debt-ridden farmers struggling with adversity"; "a life of hardship" 同义词：adversity, hard knocks,
例句与用法
1.
Poverty had inured the beggar to hardships . 贫穷已使那乞丐惯于艰难。
2.
He looked upon privation as no hardship . 他不把忍饥受冻当作什么苦难。
3.
He endured hardships to plan retaliation . 他卧薪尝胆，图谋报复。
4.
His cold character was molded by hardship . 艰难困苦锻炼了他那冷酷性格。
5.
His health broke after years of hardship . 多年的困苦生活使他的身体垮了。
6.
They tempted the hardship of a strange land . 他们冒险去忍受在异国的艰苦。
7.
He has experienced what hardships mean . 她涉阅过艰苦的生活。
8.
He went through all kinds of hardships in the old society . 他在旧社会受尽了苦。
9.
During these years of hardship his wife died . 在这些艰难的岁月里，他的妻子去世了。
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