the original specimen from which the description of a new species is made 同义词：type specimen,
例句与用法
1.
Holotype , guangxi : mount . daqing of luzhou , july , 1964 , wang liangcheng 另外蒙新区未见分布，青藏区分布的种数也极少。
2.
Each specimen of a type series other than the holotype [ recommendation 73d ] 一个模式系列中除了正模式之外的每个标本均称之[建议73d ] 。
3.
In the absence of a holotype designation , any such specimen is eligible for subsequent designation as the name - bearing type ( lectotype ) ; pending lectotype designation , all the specimens of the type series are syntypes and collectively they constitute the name - bearing type 当无正模式被指定时,这其中的任何标本都合格用于后来指定为具名模式(选模式) ;在选模式尚未指定以前,模式系列的全部标本均为总模式,共同构成具名模式。
4.
The situation arising ( 1 ) when an author establishes a nominal genus or subgenus for what he or she considers to be a single taxonomic species and denotes that species by an available name ( the nominal species so named is the type - species by monotypy ) [ art . 68 . 3 ] ; or ( 2 ) when an author bases a nominal species - group taxon on a single specimen but does not explicitly designate it as holotype ( holotype by monotypy ; see article 73 . 1 . 2 ) 此种情况发生于( 1 )一著者建立一个命名属或亚属时,他或她认为是单一的分类学种,并且以一适用名称指称该种(如此定名的命名种即为以单模式性定模式种) [第68条3 ] ;或( 2 )一著者根据单一标本建立一个命名种群分类单元时并未明确指定该标本为正模式者(以单模式性定正模式;见第73条12 ) 。
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