| 1. | Vessels solitary with angular outline ; perforation plates scalariform ; intervessel pits and vessel - ray pitting alternate to scalariform ; helical thickenings only in vessel elements tails
导管横切面为多角形，单管孔，散生。螺纹加厚仅出现导管分子尾端。梯状穿孔为主。
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| 2. | Wood semi - ring - porous ; vessels solitary with angular outline ; perforation plates reticulate and scalariform ; intervessel pits and vessel - ray pitting alternate ; helical thickenings throughout body of vessel elements
单管孔，散生；整个导管分子上具螺纹加厚。网状和梯状穿孔。
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| 3. | Wood semi - ring - porous ; vessels solitary with angular outline ; perforation plates scalariform ; intervessel pits and vessel - ray pitting opposite or opposite to scalarifonn ; helical thickenings in vessel elements present
梯状穿孔板；管间纹孔式为互列；射线导管间纹孔式多对列，类似导管面间纹孔式。
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| 4. | It was shown that vessel elements in secondary xylem of p . emblica have many different forms and most of them have tails and their perforation plates divide into two types : ( 1 ) there is one simple perforation plate at each end of the vessel elements and ( 2 ) there is one simple perforation plate at one end of the vessel elements and two simple perforation plate at the other end ; ( 3 ) a few vessel elements have special inclusions ; ( 4 ) the intervascular pits are alternate pits ; ( 5 ) the pits between the vessels and rays are mixed pits , pits with transverse gashes and scalariform pits
结果发现，余甘子次生木质部导管分子中存在着许多不同的样式，导管分子大多数具尾；其穿孔板存在着两种类型： ( 1 )两端均为1个单穿孔板； ( 2 )一端为1个单穿孔板;另一端为2个单穿孔板； ( 3 )极少数的导管分子具有特殊的内含物； ( 4 )管间纹孔式为互列纹孔式； ( 5 )导管射线间纹孔式为混合型纹孔与横列刻痕状纹孔以及梯状穿孔。
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